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yeah so anyone who is not familiar with

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our FG this RF G stands for research

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focus group and it has been in

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conjunction with AB grad con for five

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years now is that right anyway so this

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is an opportunity for participants at AB

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grade grad con to get an experience

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writing research grants so these are

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grant proposals in the style of NASA

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proposals and SF do e that kind of thing

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and its unique opportunity to you've

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seen the diversity of our areas of

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research already at this conference and

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in just a short weekend the RFG event is

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a friday through sunday morning students

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come in and write a full research

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proposal from the science to the budget

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to the timeline everything in just a

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weekend and try to bring together and

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incorporate everyone's different

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backgrounds so it's perhaps a little

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different from what you might experience

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in the future but you still get that

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great first hand writing experience so

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with that I like to introduce the

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winning team from this year's rfg apart

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prasad sarah gillett and arshaum solari

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and they will talk about methane

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sequestration and recovery so I'm

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arshaum solari i'm here to talk about

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development of a solid-phase sovereign

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material for methane recovery filter

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here with the Sergio and Harper shot so

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to motivate the talk I'm going to talk

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about global warming for few slides what

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surface temperature estimates from the

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Intergovernmental Panel for climate

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change so the shaded regions are

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basically 11 star deviation from the

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mean and then the gray bars you see on

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the side are different scenarios that

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they can get predicted so this orange

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line is basically if we could freeze the

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greenhouse gas levels at the 2,000 level

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two thousand year 2000 level and these

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are the different projections from

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different you know groups and regardless

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of you know if you could end up here or

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here the neither scenario is really

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present at consequence of this to make

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it a little more understandable for

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somebody who doesn't know you know what

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at two or three degree change would mean

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is the difference in sea level so this

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is this this dashed line is year 2007

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and you know the shaded region here is

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the different scenarios that you're

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gonna see so the worst the best case

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scenario is 20 centimeters SI lo you

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know global sea-level rise and the worst

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case scenario is 50 centimeters I

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changed which you know is 0 you might

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agree it's very dangerous you know part

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of miami important manhattan will be

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underwater along with denise and many

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many many cities so this is the

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composition of greenhouse gases most of

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the carbon dioxide which gets a lot of

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attention appropriately so but there is

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this 14th person methane which is

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important because methane is 25 times

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more potent as a greenhouse gas than

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carbon dioxide and the problem we're

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having these days is that because of the

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global warming situation of you're in a

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lot of you know the natural gas industry

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and the general public prefer natural

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gas compared to cold because they think

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it's a clean air source of energy where

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the probe where the problem happens is

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that when you have a lot of activities

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around natural gas there's a lot of

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leakage so and you know power plants and

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natural gas production there is you know

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between 12 to two percent leakage and

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that two or three percent leakage x 25 x

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being more potent is a big problem so

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here is a breakdown of verdi all that

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you know methane emission sources are

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and the part that we are focusing on is

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the natural gas and petroleum systems

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there is a lot of capture mccann

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mechanisms for you know landfills and

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agricultural resources but not much has

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been done for petroleum sources so with

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that I will give it to Sarah to talk

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about the actual point so the basic

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overview of what we want to do here is

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have a solid phase filter that we can

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flow a stream of air over which is

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probably methane-rich because we're

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targeting these leakage sources and have

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it selectively bind methane while so

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passing through the other components of

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air so the requirements are a filter

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such as this is that you're going to

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need a strong binding and methane and

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the challenge of that is on methane is a

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non-polar molecule and so you're not

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going to have very strong interactions

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with this solid phase and so are our

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approach to maximize those interactions

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have a strong bonding and methane is

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that we're going to employ non-polar

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species on this filter to sort of

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enhance the non polar nonpolar

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interactions we're also going to

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incorporate some porosity in there to

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enhance the methane kind of sticking to

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that service okay so the second

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requirement is that we want to be able

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to have a fast flow of air through this

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filter so in order to do that we're

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gonna have to have a high selectivity of

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it binding methane versus the other

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components of the gas in order to do

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that we're going to target specific poor

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spacing of this solid solvent material

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and the Reese

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for that is that there's been studies

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that have shown that if you that if you

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take to methane molecules and you bring

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them together there's a certain point

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where they have a minimum of energy the

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distance between them and so if you if

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you have pores that are spaced right

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around that minimum of energy which is

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right around 4.2 angstroms then you're

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going to be able to maximize the binding

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of methane versus and to or co2 and the

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third component of or the third

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requirement for this kind of filter is

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that we want it to be reversibly vining

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methane so not only do we want mething

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to attach but we want to controllably

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then be able to release it so we can

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recover this methane as a usable fuel

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and for that we're going to look at

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things like changing the temperature and

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the pressure of the the filters so this

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is kind of a very general schematic of

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what this kind of filter would look like

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so you'd have an input of air where the

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methane is sorb is I desorbed onto the

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filter and the rest of the air flows out

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and then we would change the conditions

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of temperature pressure and the methane

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would release into a second output where

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we could store it or it could be stored

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and then transported and we have three

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approach three components approach the

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first is investigating promising sort of

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material so this would be kind of the

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wet chemistry part of this project the

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second is more on the theoretical side

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of things we look at the thermodynamics

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binding and air flow and the third is on

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them I cannot find gineering side of

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things actually starting to look at what

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goes into building a prototype for this

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build um so all the purpose of having

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approach like this is threefold is first

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of all the three of us are coming from

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very different backgrounds so each of

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these places one of our swings I'm

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materials chemists a pirate is a

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chemical ta thermodynamics asst and RM

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is in the kenaf engineer so our

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interests and our expertise fit right

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into these three different models the

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second advantage of this is that this is

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something that hasn't really been

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approached before methane filters isn't

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something that's really out there and so

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we're starting from first principles and

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we want to attack it from all different

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sides so we're not saying that we're

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going to be

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to produce a commercial product by the

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end of this proposal but we want to be

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able to lay a good foundation not only

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on the chemistry but also in the

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thermodynamics the modeling as well as

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you know started thinking about the

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engineering of thing so the the

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thermodynamics will help us then

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identify more promising chemical

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materials starting to look at the

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engineering will then help inform our

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our modeling systems and as we look at

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the engineering will be able to see what

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kind of constraints there are for

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developing material so eliminate any

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obstacles that might show up later on

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down the road and the way we're going to

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start going about identifying a serpent

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material like chemistry part of this

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we're going to start with the principles

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of gas chromatography so gas

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chromatography you're not familiar with

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it is a separation technique the way it

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works is you input your sample using a

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carrier gas into this column which is

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packed with a solid phase material

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something like this polymer here which

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has a silicon oxygen psylocke st.

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backbone and then these long and octal

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hydrophobic groups coming out of it and

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so your sample as it goes through the

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column will be in one of two phases will

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either be absorbed to the solid material

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or I'll begin the carrier gas which is

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flowing through the column in the amount

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of time that it spends adsorbed versus

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in the carrier gas that will determine

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the retention time of your molecule and

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that's how you can get separations of

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different molecules with different

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interactions with the absorbing material

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so what we want to do is take this

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principle and then just really enhance

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the adsorbing part of this the ads

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orbing phase of the samples going

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through the column and so we're really

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going to we're going to play around with

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the we're really going to play around

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with the groups that are coming off of

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the backbone and try and see if we can

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enhance the interactions of the methane

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molecules with those groups on the other

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thing we're going to look at as I

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mentioned this poor spacing and the way

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that you can do that is by playing

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around with the the branching the

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cross-linking of those polymers so

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studies have shown that the amount of

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cross-linking that you do will change

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your pore size and you there's been some

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body of research done

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hydrogen storage which they've shown you

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know with cross-linked polymers you can

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store hydrogen and the forces that's

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kind of the chemistry side of things and

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I will tell you about the thermodynamics

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and I have 23 seconds left so overall up

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we want to make a device which is

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thermodynamically feasible which means

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that the overall Gibbs free energy

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change of the process has to be negative

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because we want to have the system do

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some useful work and not require useful

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work and the thermodynamics of co2

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capture has been studied extensively

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this is from and the way you study this

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is by basically studying the Gibbs

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energy demands and gives any supplies on

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the left we have the Gibbs energy demand

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for co2 capture as you might note the

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numbers are positive and the Gibbs

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energy supply basically came from

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hydration of course we are working with

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methane sort of and not carbon dioxide

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so our while our gifts energy demands

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would be same our supply has to be

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different and that basically comes from

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the change in temperatures and pressure

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or surface thermodynamics of helium

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binding ah so to sum it up we need to

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maximize methane capture minimize

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methane consumption so I power

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consumption so that we have a negative

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carbon footprint which is actually the

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positive and set up the right in flow

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with the right amount of methane

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concentration and a right temperature

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humidity pressure to maximize our

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efficiency and test for greenhouse cash

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balance between the operation side so we

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have a very ambitious project over here

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and so they're going to be challenges on

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the way but we've tried to cover most

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paces and but it's something that needs

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to be done in this time of these times

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of anthropogenic climate change and

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rewards a huge so we look forward to

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we can take a question or two if anybody

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has a question about a very ambitious

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proposal I think everybody may be really